Articles

This article examines the classifi cation of a number of intergovernmental associations of economic and fi nancial orientation that arise as the result of a crisis. Intergovernmental associations with an international legal identity are divided into two main types: international organizations and interstate associations of the “club” kind. The article pays special attention to the institutionalization of the business community in the framework of the structures under consideration. The author acknowledges the special interest due the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the Group of Twenty (G-20) as representatives of two types of associations with a universal mandate and criterial membership that are capable of dealing with various diffi cult issues, from political and economic questions to matters relating to ecological safety, by marshalling for this purpose the available power, fi nancial and analytical resources of the member states. The author emphasizes that in comparison with other international associations examined, the format of the business community’s participation in the work of the OECD and the G-20 is the most institutionalized.

This article analyzes the relationship between the national, cultural, civic and civilizational identity types. The originality of the relationships among them in Russia is compared to Western civilization. For Russia, because of the vastness of its spaces, its specifi c geopolitical position between East and West and the multinational composition of the population, the processes of collective self-identitifi cation have always been extremely complicated. The authors lay out the thesis that the national-cultural, civil, and civilizational types of identity in Russia correlate hierarchically and noncontradictorily with each other. Moreover, without one another, none of these types of identity could be either comprehended holistically or consistently implemented practically. The article further demonstates that Eurasian civilizational identity makes it possible to accentuate the positive aspects — those that unify peoples and nations — in the processes of forming national-cultural and civic identity. The example of the Altai region is used to show that Eurasian civilizational identity also allows for the formation of an adequate representation of regional identity as well.